Asthma causes Diagnosis and treatment

 

Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation, airway constriction, and spasm of the bronchial tubes, which carry air in and out of the lungs. This leads to recurring episodes of:

1. Wheezing (a high-pitched whistling sound while breathing)

2. Coughing (often worse at night or early morning)

3. Shortness of breath (feeling like you can't catch your breath)

4. Chest tightness or pain

Asthma symptoms can vary in severity and frequency, and may be triggered by:

1. Allergens (dust mites, pollen, pet dander)

2. Respiratory infections (colds, flu)

3. Irritants (tobacco smoke, air pollution)

4. Exercise (especially in cold, dry air)

5. Stress

Asthma is diagnosed with:

1. Medical history and physical exam

2. Lung function tests (spirometry, peak flow meter)

3. Methacholine challenge (to assess airway responsiveness)

Treatment and management involve:

1. Avoiding triggers

2. Medications (inhaled corticosteroids, bronchodilators, combination inhalers)

3. Developing an Asthma Action Plan with your healthcare provider

4. Monitoring and adjusting treatment as needed

Asthma is a manageable condition, and with proper treatment and self-care, most people with asthma can lead normal, active lives.